THE VALUE OF CATUR PURUSA ARTHA AND ENTREPRENEURSHIP ORIENTATION AS A BASE FOR MAXIMIZING SMEs PERFORMANCE
Abstract
Developed countries understand the importance of small and Medium Enterprises (SMEs) in their contribution to economic growth. By using the concept of cultural values Catur Purusa Artha which is the four most important life goals for Balinese people who have Hindu beliefs, should be used as moral guidelines that will affect the business performance of small and Medium Enterprises and entrepreneurship Orientation behavior. This study was conducted to determine and analyze the effect of Entrepreneurship Orientation on the business performance of small and Medium Enterprises and how the role of Entrepreneurship Orientation in mediating the relationship of Catur Purusa Artha with the business performance of small and Medium Enterprises. The population of the study is the owner or managers of small and Medium Enterprises in Bali Province in 2022 amounted to 61,862 SMEs, and of these samples were conducted with the Slovin approach as many as 397 units of SMEs. The data analysis technique is done by the SEM-PLS method. The results found that applying the cultural values of Catur Purusa Artha can have a direct (positive) effect or can increase the business performance of small and Medium Enterprises and Entrepreneurship Orientation. So, doing Entrepreneurship Orientation will also be able to directly affect the performance of small and medium business performance. If doing Entrepreneurship Orientation can also mediate the relationship of Catur Purusa Artha with the business performance of small and Medium Enterprises.
Keywords
Full Text:
PDFReferences
Al-Mamun, A. and Fazal, S. A. 2018. Effect of Entrepreneurial Orientation on Competency and Micro-Enterprise Performance. Asia Pacific Journal of Innovation and Entrepreneurship, 12(3), pp. 379–398. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1108/apjie-05-2018-0033.
Astakoni, I. M. P. 2014. Analisis Model Keterkaitan Gaya Kepemimpinan, Iklim Organisasi, Karakterristik Individu, Kepuasan Kerja, Komitmen Organisasi dan Kinerja Karyawan pada Perusahaan Daerah Air Minum (PDAM) Tirta Mangutama Kabaputen Badung. Forum Manajemen STIMI Handayani, 12(2), pp. 92–102. DOI: https://ojs.stimihandayani.ac.id/index.php/FM/article/view/91.
Astakoni, I. M. P. 2017. Implikasi Gender Sebagai Moderating Variable dalam Kaitan Antar Iklim Organisasi, Kepuasan Kerja, dan Kinerja Karyawan pada Perusahaan Daerah Air Minum Tirta Mangutama Kabupaten Badung. Forum Manajemen, 12(1), pp. 45–63.
Azzura, S. N. 2021. Kontribusi Usaha Mikro Kecil Menengah ke Produk Domestik Bruto Tahun 2021. https://www.merdeka.com/uang/kontribusi-umkm-ke-pdb-capai-rp8574-triliun-di-2021.html merdeka.com.
Barney, J. 1991. Firm Resources and Sustained Competitive Advantage. Journal of Management, 17(1), pp. 99–120.
Barney, J., Wright, M., and Ketchen, D. J. 2001. The Resource-Based View of the Firm: Ten Years After 1991. Journal of Management, 27(6), pp. 625–641. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1177/014920630102700601.
Basco, R., Hernández-Perlines, F., and Rodríguez-García, M. 2020. The Effect of Entrepreneurial Orientation on Firm Performance: A Multigroup Analysis comparing China, Mexico, and Spain. Journal of Business Research, 113(May), pp. 409–421. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jbusres.2019.09.020.
Beattie, S. 2016. Which Entrepreneurial Traits are the Most Critical in Determining Success?. Volume 14 2016 Otago Management Graduate Review the Future of Work, 14, pp. 13–20.
Bolton, D. L. and Lane, M. D. 2012. Individual Entrepreneurial Orientation: Development of a Measurement Instrument. Education and Training, 54(2–3), pp. 219–233. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1108/00400911211210314.
Brahmasari, I. A. and Suprayetno, A. 2016. Pengaruh Motivasi Kerja, Kepemimpinan dan Budaya Pengaruh Motivasi Kerja, Kepemimpinan dan Budaya Organisasi terhadap Kepuasan Kerja Karyawan serta Dampaknya pada Kinerja Perusahaan (Studi kasus pada PT. Pei Hai International Wiratama Indonesia). Jurnal Manajemen dan Bisnis Kreatif, 2(1), pp. 124–135. DOI: https://doi.org/10.36805/manajemen.v2i1.181.
Ciampi, F., Demi, S., Magrini, A., Marzi, G., and Papa, A. 2021. Exploring the Impact of Big Data Analytics Capabilities on Business Model Innovation : The Mediating Role of Entrepreneurial Orientation. Journal of Business Research, 123(xx), pp. 1–13. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jbusres.2020.09.023.
Dess, G. G. and Lumpkin, G. T. 2005. The Role of Entrepreneurial Orientation in Stimulating Effective Corporate Entrepreneurship. Journal of Teacher Education, 19(1), pp. 45–46. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1177/002248718203300610.
Frank, H., Kessler, A., and Fink, M. 2010. Entrepreneurial Orientation and Business Performance – A Replication Study. Entrepreneurial Orientattion, Schmalenbach Business Review, 62(2), pp. 175–198. DOI: https://doi.org/DOI :10.1007/bf03396804.
Gamage, A. 2003. Small and Medium Enterprises Development in Sri Lanka: A Review as Gamage Meijo University, Faculty of Business Management, Nagoya, Japan. Meijo Review, 22, pp. 133–150.
Habibie, I. A. 2022. Digitalisasi UMKM dari Hulu Hingga Hilir. Dewan Teknologi Informasi dan Komunikasi (Wantiknas), 03, pp. 1–14.
Hadi, S. 2020. Pemetaan Program Pemberdayaan Usaha Mikro, Kecil, dan Menengah (UMKM).
Haider, S. H., Asad, M., and Fatima, M. 2017. Entrepreneurial Orientation and Business Performance of Manufacturing Sector Small and Medium Scale Enterprises of Punjab Pakistan. European Business and Management, 3(2), pp. 21–28. DOI: https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ebm.20170302.12.
Jumady, E. and Lilla, L. 2021. Antecedent and Consequence the Human Resources Management Factors on Civil Servant Performance. Human Resource Management | Research Article, 1(2), pp. 94–106.
Kartika, C. 2017. Pengaruh Entrepreneurial Orientation, Culture Organization Internal Factor terhadap Performance Organization melalui Corporate Entreprenuership Capability pada UMKM Batik Tulis Klasik di Jawa Tengah. Journal of Management and Business Review, 14(2), pp. 148–175. DOI: https://doi.org/10.34149/jmbr.v14i2.91.
Keh, H. T., Nguyen, T. T. M., and Ng, H. P. 2007. The Effects of Entrepreneurial Orientation and Marketing Information on the Performance of SMEs. Journal of Business Venturing, 22(4), pp. 592-611. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jbusvent.2006.05.003.
Khan, M. A., Rathore, K., and Sial, M. A. 2020. Entrepreneurial Orientation And Performance of Small and Medium Enterprises: Mediating Effect of Entrepreneurial Competencies. Pakistan Journal of Commerce and Social Science, 14(2), pp. 508–528.
Kiyabo, K. and Isaga, N. 2020. Entrepreneurial Orientation, Competitive Advantage, and SMEs’ Performance: Application of Firm Growth and Personal Wealth Measures. Journal of Innovation and Entrepreneurship, 9(1), pp. 3–15. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1186/s13731-020-00123-7.
Kuswati, Y. 2020. The Influence of Organizational Culture on Employee Performance. Budapest International Research and Critics Institute (BIRCI-Journal): Humanities and Social Sciences, 3(1), pp. 296–302. DOI: https://doi.org/10.33258/birci.v3i1.761.
Lerner, M. and Almor, T. 2002. Relationships among Strategic Capabilities and the Performance of Women-owned Small Ventures. Journal of Small Business Management, 40(2), pp. 109–125. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1111/1540-627x.00044.
Lumpkin, G. T. and Dess, G. G. 2001. Taxonomy of the Determinants of Entrepreneurial Activity. Journal of Economics and Economic Education Research, 16(3), pp. 119–144.
Lumpkin, G. T. and Dess, G. G. 1996. Clarifying the Entrepreneurial Orientation Construct and Linking It to Performance. The Academy of Management Review, 21(1), pp. 135–172. DOI: https://doi.org//https://doi.org/10.2307/258632.
Man, T. W. Y., Lau, T., and Chan, K. F. 2002. The Competitiveness of Small and Medium Enterprises: A Conceptualization with Focus on Entrepreneurial Competencies. Journal of Business Venturing, 17(2), pp. 123-142. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/S0883-9026(00)00058-6.
McCloskey, D. 1985. Economical Writing. Economic Inquiry, 23(XXIII) (2), pp. 187-222. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1465-7295.1985.tb01761.x.
Mitchelmore, S. and Rowley, J. 2006. Entrepreneurial Competencies of Women Entrepreneurs Pursuing Business Growth. Journal of Small Business and Entrepreneurship, 19(4), pp. 112.
Okoli, I. E. N., Nwosu, K. C., and Okechukwu, M. E. 2021. Entrepreneurial Orientation and Performance of Selected SMEs in Southeast Nigeria. European Journal of Business and Management Research, 6(4), pp. 108–115. DOI: https://doi.org/10.24018/ejbmr.2021.6.4.946.
Peteraf, M. A. and Barney, J. B. 2003. Unraveling the Resource-Based Tangle. Managerial and Decision Economics, 24(4), pp. 309-323. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1002/mde.1126.
Rauch, A., Wiklund, J., Lumpkin, G. T., and Frese, M. 2009. Entrepreneurial Orientation and Business Performance: An Assessment of Past Research and Suggestions for the Future. Entrepreneurship Theory and Practice. Journal of Chemical Information and Modeling, 53(9), pp. 1689–1699.
Riana, I. G. and Wirasedana, I. W. P. 2018. Developing Entrepreneurial Orientation through Catur Purusa Arta (CPA) Culture on Village Credit Institution (VCI). Journal of Multidisciplinary Academic, 02(01), pp. 1–6.
Robbins, S. P. 2008. Perilaku dan Manajemen Organisasi (Edisi Baha). PT. Indeks.Klp Gramedia.
Saeed, S., Yousafzai, S., and Engelen, A. 2015. On Cultural and Macroeconomic Contingencies of The Entrepreneurial Orientation- Performance Relationship. Journal of Enterprising Culture, 14(1), pp. 49–63.
Sitiari, N. W. 2021. Exploration of Human Resources (HR) Practices Based on Local Cultural Values in Cooperatives in Bali. International Journal of Social Science and Human Research, 04(09), pp. 2435–2441. DOI: https://doi.org/10.47191/ijsshr/v4-i9-24.
Springer. 2010. Handbook of Partial Least Squares. Concepts, Methods, and Applications. Handbook of Partial Least Squares. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-540-32827-8_16.
Suardhika, I. N. 2012. Model Integrasi dalam Resources-Based View untuk Penerapan Strategi Bersaing dan Pencapaian Kinerja Usaha. Ekuitas: Jurnal Ekonomi dan Keuangan, 110, pp. 63–83.
Sudharta, T. R. 2009. Sarasamuccaya Smerti Nusantara: (Berisi Kamus Jawa Kuno - Indonesia). Paramita, Surabaya.
Sukma, A. 2002. Perspektif the Resource Based View (RBV) dalam Membangun Comvetitive Advance. Jurnal Ekonomi dan Bisnis Illam, pp. 2985–2988.
Tehseen, S. and Ramayah, T. 2015. Entrepreneurial Competencies and SMEs Business Success: The Contingent Role of External Integration. Mediterranean Journal of Social Sciences, 6(1), pp. 50–61. DOI: https://doi.org/10.5901/mjss.2015.v6n1p50.
Trarintya, M. A. P., Wiagustini, N. L. P., Artini, L. G. S., and Ramantha, I. W. 2021. Catur Purusa Artha Implementation in Supporting Business Sustainability. PalArch’s Journal of Archaeology of Egypt/Egyptology, 18(4), pp. 5917–5931. DOI: https://www.archives.palarch.nl/index.php/jae/article/view/7200.
Trisnawati, N. L. D. E., Kartika, R. D., and Kasih, N. L. S. 2021. Business Continuity: Application of the Value of Catur Purusa Artha and Product Innovation in Holding Company of BUMDes. International Journal of Social Science and Business, 5(3), pp. 303. DOI: https://doi.org/10.23887/ijssb.v5i2.36346.
Trisnawati, N. L. D. E., Pasek, D. W., and Kaertika, R. D. 2019. Nilai Catur Purusa Artha dan Struktur Modal sebagai Kunci Maksimalisasi Kinerja Keuangan di LPD Kabupeten Buleleng. Sintesa Prosiding, 2011, pp. 497–504.
Utama, Yudaikawira. 2011. Analisis Pengaruh Budaya dan Keluarga. Jurnal MODUS, 29 (2), pp. 157–175.
Utami, N. M. S. and Astakoni, I. M. P. 2020. Peran Gender sebagai Group pada Kepemimpinan Path Goal dan Motivasi sebagai Determinan Kinerja Guru. Widya Manajemen.
Utami, Ni Made Satya. 2022. Impact Human Resource Management, Local Culture and Enterprise Orientation on Business Performance. In Philippine Women’s University.
Vernon-Wortzel, H. and Wortzel, L. H. 1997. Strategic Management in the Global Economy (Ed. 3). London : McGraw Hill.
Vitale, R., Giglierano, J., and Miles, M. P. 2004. An Exploratory Study of Self-administrated Quck-audits as a Management Diagnostic to Assess Marketing and Entrepreneurial Orientations in Established and Startup Firms. Journal of Research in Marketing and Entrepreneurship, 6(1), pp. 64–77. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1108/14715200480001356.
Wales, W. J., Shirokova, G., Sokolova, L., and Stein, C. 2016. Entrepreneurial Orientation in the Emerging Russian Regulatory Context: The Criticality of Interpersonal Relationships. European Journal of International Management, 10(3), pp. 359–382. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1504/EJIM.2016.076256.
Werasturi, D. 2017. Konsep Corporate Social Responsibility Berbasis Catur Purusa Artha. Jurnal Akuntansi Multiparadigma, pp. 319–335. DOI: https://doi.org/10.18202/jamal.2017.08.7057.
Wiagustini, N. L. P., Ningsih, N. L. A. P., and Artini, L. G. S. 2017. Budaya “Catur Purusa Artha” dan Orientasi Kewirausahaan sebagai Basis Keputusan Pendanaan dan Kinerja Keuangan. Prosiding Seminar Nasional AIMI, pp. 396–412. https://repository.unja.ac.id/3836/44/396_412.pdf.
Wijetunge, W. and Pushpakumari, M. 2014. Entrepreneurial Orientation and Business Performance of Small and Medium Scale Enterprises of Western Province in Sri Lanka. Kelaniya Journal of Management, 2(2), pp. 51. DOI: https://doi.org/10.4038/kjm.v2i2.6550.
Wiklund, J. and Shepherd, D. 2005. Entrepreneurial Orientation and Small Business Performance: A Configurational Approach. Journal of Business Venturing, 20(1), pp. 71–91. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jbusvent.2004.01.001.
Yuliandari, N. K. 2020. Pendekatan Tri Hita Karana dalam Meningkatkan Motivasi Berwirausaha Mahasiswa. Jurnal Manajemen Bisnis, 17(1), pp. 118. DOI: https://doi.org/10.38043/jmb.v17i1.2346.
Zainol, F. A. and Ayadurai, S. 2010. Malaysian Small and Medium Enterprises: The Fundamental Problems and Recommendations for Improvement. Journal of Asia Entrepreneurship and Sustainability, VI(1), pp. 39–52.
Zainol, F. A. and Ayadurai, S. 2011. Entrepreneurial Orientation and Firm Performance: The Role of Personality Traits in Malay Family Firms in Malaysia. International Journal of Business and Social Science, 2(1), pp. 13.
Zainol, F. A. and Ayadurai, S. 2011. Entrepreneurial Orientation and Firm Performance: The Role of Personality Traits in Malay Family Firms in Malaysia. International Journal of Business and Social Science, 2(1), pp. 59–71. http://www.ijbssnet.com/journals/Vol._2_No._1;_January_2011/6.pdf.
DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.21776/ub.jam.2023.021.03.10
Refbacks
- There are currently no refbacks.