Digital Inequality and Digital Entrepreneurship in Indonesia

Andri Irawan, Yendra Yendra, Entis Sutisna, Laode Marihi, Mardatillah Mardatillah, Djoko Soelistya

Abstract


In the era of disruption, myriads of digital entrepreneur in Indonesia still faces significant problems due to the demographical disadvantage and the lack of government policies that can overcome the problem faced. This series of problems has resulted to the existence of digital inequality. This study aimed to explains the digital inequality in Indonesia that has an impact on the inequality of opportunities and challenges for digital entrepreneurs. Qualitative approach to case studies in Indonesia. Informants were taken from 3 regions in Indonesia as well as government representatives responsible for the development of information and communication technology. Data was collected through in-depth interviews online and data was processed with the help of NVivo12. The study was conducted for 6 months. The results of this research will certainly have implications for the development of technology research, digitalization and communication as well as business. If the problem of digital inequality is resolved, digital business development in Indonesia will be more competitive. However, the biggest implication can certainly be a recommendation for information and communication technology development policies in Indonesia, such as the policy of building base transceiver station (BTS) in areas where there is no internet connectivity.

Keywords


igital Inequality; Digital Entrepreneurship; Information and Communication Technology

Full Text:

PDF

References


Badan Pusat Statistik. 2021. Statistik Indonesia 2021 Statistical Yearbook of Indonesia 2021. [Online]. Retrieved March 21, 2022, from: https://www.bps.go.id/id/publication/2021/02/26/938316574c78772f27e9b477/statistik-indonesia-2021.html.

Bejinaru, R. 2021. Key Issues of Transition to Digital Entrepreneurship. Proceedings of the International Conference on Business Excellence, 15(1), pp. 91–101. DOI: https://doi.org/10.2478/picbe-2021-0009.

Dewi, D. M., Setiadi, Y., Ikhwanuddin, M., and Fadhilah, L. A. 2022. Kontribusi Teknologi Informasi dan Komunikasi terhadap Kelompok Ketimpangan Pendapatan Daerah. Jurnal Ekonomi Dan Pembangunan Indonesia, 22(2), pp. 221–242. DOI: https://doi.org/10.21002/jepi.2022.13.

Faqih, A., Satyadharma, J. F., and Diningrat, R. A. 2022. Riset SMERU: Prospek Ekonomi Digital Indonesia Terganjal Ketimpangan Keterampilan Digital, Apa yang Bisa Dilakukan Pemerintah?. [Online]. Retrieved March 21, 2022, from: https://smeru.or.id/en/node/2863.

Garrigos-Simon, F. J., Alizadeh-Moghadam, S. S., Abdi, L., Pourmirali, Z., and Abdi, B. 2021. Digital Entrepreneurship Dimensions and Strategies: Crowdsourcing and Digital Financing. Management and Business Research Quarterly, 18, pp. 1–15. DOI: https://doi.org/10.32038/mbrq.2021.18.01.

Herman, E. 2022. The Interplay between Digital Entrepreneurship and Sustainable Development in the Context of the EU Digital Economy: A Multivariate Analysis. Mathematics, 10(10). DOI: https://doi.org/10.3390/math10101682.

Hirano, A., and Granda, V. (n.d.). Limits of International Human Rights Law and Hong Kong View Project Digital Divide and Artificial Intelligence in the Pacific Region View Project Digital Divide as an Inequality Factor. A Study for the Digital Future in the Pacific Region. https://women-in-tech.org/context/.

Islam, M. N. and Inan, T. T. 2021. Exploring the Fundamental Factors of Digital Inequality in Bangladesh. SAGE Open, 11(2). DOI: https://doi.org/10.1177/21582440211021407.

Kuhn, C., Khoo, S. M., Czerniewicz, L., Lilley, W., Bute, S., Crean, A., Abegglen, S., Burns, T., Sinfield, S., Jandrić, P., Knox, J., and MacKenzie, A. 2023. Understanding Digital Inequality: A Theoretical Kaleidoscope. Post Digital Science and Education. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s42438-023-00395-8.

Liu, E. and Sukmariningsih, R. M. 2022. Membangun Model Basis Penggunaan Teknologi Digital bagi UMKM dalam Masa Pandemi Covid-19. Jurnal Ius Constituendum, 6.

Long, D., Xie, Y., Wei, Y., and Zheng, J. 2022. Where Does Digital Entrepreneurship Go? A Review Based on a Scientific Knowledge Map. In Mobile Information Systems, Vol. 2022. Hindawi Limited. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1155/2022/5842009.

Medlin, B. D., Schneberger, S., and Hunsinger, D. S. 2007. Perceived Technical Information Technology Skill Demands Versus Advertised Skill Demands: an Empirical Study. Journal of Information Technology Management, XVIII(3), pp. 14–23.

Muzanenhamo, A. and Rankhumise, E. 2022. Literature Review on Digital Entrepreneurship in South Africa: A Human Capital Perspective. Entrepreneurship and Sustainability Issues, 10(2), pp. 464–472. DOI: https://doi.org/10.9770/jesi.2022.10.2(29).

Njimanted, G. F., Forbe, H. N., and Fozoh, I. A. 2023. Overcoming the Underdevelopment Challenge in Africa through Digital Technological Progress and Entrepreneurship Development. Journal of the Cameroon Academy of Sciences, 18(3), pp. 635–651. DOI: https://doi.org/10.4314/jcas.v18i3.6.

Pamuji, E., Ida, R., and Mustain. 2022. Print Media Innovation in the Digital Era: Disruptive Challenges or Opportunities?. Jurnal Studi Komunikasi (Indonesian Journal of Communications Studies), 6(3), pp. 785–804. DOI: https://doi.org/10.25139/jsk.v6i3.5311.

Panggarti, U., Dwi Purnomo, S., Retnowati, D., and Adhitya, B. 2022. Studi Komparatif Ketimpangan Antar Pulau di Indonesia. DOI: https://doi.org/10.29264/jfor.v24i2.10988.

Pratiwi, D., Oktavera, R., Metekohy, S., Akbar, T., Anita, T. L., and Prihanto, J. N. 2023. Manajemen Kewirausahaan di Era Digital: Konsep, Strategi dan Aplikasi.

Revenko, L. S. and Revenko, N. S. 2022. Digital Divide and Digital Inequality in Global Food Systems. Vestnik RUDN. International Relations, 22(2), pp. 372–384. DOI: https://doi.org/10.22363/2313-0660-2022-22-2-372-384.

Safaruddin, Hasan, K., Rais, R., and Gazali. 2022. The Role of Technology in Educational Media in the Disruptive Era. Article in International Journal of Artificial Intelligence Research, 6(1), pp. 2579–7298. DOI: https://doi.org/10.29099/ijair.v6i1.2.679.

Santos, I. C. dos, Leão, N. C. de A., Silva, E. E. da, and Silveira, G. B. 2022. Determinants of E-Inclusion and Digital Inequality in the Use of Urban Mobility Applications in Mobility. Research, Society and Development, 11(13), e184111335243. DOI: https://doi.org/10.33448/rsd-v11i13.35243.

Santos, G., Magalhães, M. D., Carvalho, S., Pinto, R. J., Félix, M. J., and Rosak-Szyrocka, J. 2022. Digital Transformation and Global Inequality. International Journal for Quality Research, 16(4), pp. 1297–1314. DOI: https://doi.org/10.24874/IJQR16.04-22.

Sewpersadh, N. S. 2023. Disruptive Business Value Models in the Digital Era. In Journal of Innovation and Entrepreneurship, Vol. 12, Issue 1. Springer Science and Business Media Deutschland GmbH. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1186/s13731-022-00252-1.

Sobaih, A. E. E. and Elshaer, I. A. 2022. Personal Traits and Digital Entrepreneurship: A Mediation Model Using SmartPLS Data Analysis. Mathematics, 10(21). DOI: https://doi.org/10.3390/math10213926.

Sufyan, M., Degbey, W. Y., Glavee-Geo, R., and Zoogah, D. B. 2023. Transnational Digital Entrepreneurship and Enterprise Effectiveness: A Micro-Foundational Perspective. Journal of Business Research, 160. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jbusres.2023.113802.

Sütlüoğlu, T. and Gökalp, E. 2022. From Social to Digital Inequalities: The Use of New Media by the Poor in Eskişehir, Turkey. Connectist: Istanbul University Journal of Communication Sciences, 0(63), pp. 151–178. DOI: https://doi.org/10.26650/connectist2022-1130969.

Ulhøi, J. P. 2021. A Digital Perspective on Entrepreneurship. Journal of Innovation Management, 9(3), pp. 71–89. DOI: https://doi.org/10.24840/2183-0606_009.003_0005.

Vallušová, A., Kuráková, I., and Lacová, Ž. 2022. Digital Inequality and Usage Gap in the V4 Region. E a M: Ekonomie a Management, 25(4), pp. 164–179. DOI: https://doi.org/10.15240/tul/001/2022-4-011.

Zimmerer, Thomas W. 1996. Entrepreneurship and the New Venture Formation. Prentice Hall International, Inc.




DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.21776/ub.jam.2024.022.01.15

Refbacks

  • There are currently no refbacks.