IMPROVING WORK ENGAGEMENT OF GAS STATION OPERATOR WITH THE ROLE OF JOB RESOURCE, JOB DEMAND, AND JOB SATISFACTION

Bianca Syailendra, Budi W. Soetjipto

Abstract


Gas station operator is the spearheading of organizations that deal directly with the public because the operator must have work engagement in order to carry out the work in accordance with the company’s expectations. The purpose of this study is to determine the effect of job demand, job resources, and job satisfaction at gas station operator to work engagement. The study involved 200 operators at a gas station in Jakarta with a quantitative method. The result is job demand positive and significant impact on job satisfaction, job satisfaction positive and significant impact on the work engagement, job resource influential slight positive but not significant to work engagement, job demand positive effect but not significant to work engagement, and job resource negative and not significant effect on job satisfaction. The study found the results that the effect of job demand in gas station operator is in contrast with previous studies and the effect of job resource is also different in previous studies because of differences in the job demand and level of job satisfaction.


Keywords


Job demand; job resource; job satisfaction; work engagement; gas station.

Full Text:

PDF

References


Abraham, S. 2012a.Development of employee engagement programmed on the basis of employee satisfaction survey. Journal of Economic Development, Management, IT, Finance and Marketing, vol. 4 no.1 pp. 27-37.

Abraham, S. 2012b.Job satisfaction as an antecedent to employee engagement.SIES Journal of Management, vol. 8 no.2 pp. 27-36.

Alarcon, G. M., and Lyons, J. B. 2011. The relationship of engagement and job satisfaction in working samples.The Journal of Psychology, 145 (5), pp. 463-480.

Bakker, A. B., andDemerouti, E. 2007. The Job Demands- Resources model: State of the art.Journal of Managerial Psychology, 22(3), pp. 309-328.

Bakker, A.B., and Demerouti, E. 2008. The job demandsresources model: State of the art. Journal of Managerial Psychology, 22 (3), pp. 309–328.

Bakker, A. B., Demerouti, E., De Boer, E., andSchaufeli, W. B. 2003. Job demands and job resources as predictors of absence duration and frequency. Journal of Vocational Behavior, 62, pp. 341-356.

Bakker AB, DemeroutiE, Hakanen JJ, and Xanthopoulou D. 2007. Job resources Boost Work engagement, Particularly When Job demands Are High. Journal of Educational Psychology2, pp. 274–284.

Barnes, D. C.and Collier, J. E. 2013.Investigating work engagement in the service environment, Journal of Services Marketing, 27 (6), pp. 485-499.

Bateman, T. andStrasser S. 1984.A longitudinal analysis of the antecedents of organizational commitment. The Academy of Management Journal, 27(1), pp. 95-112.

Baumeister, R. and Leary, M. R. 1995. The need to belong: Desire for interpersonal attachments as a fundamental human motivation, Psychological Bulletin, vol. 117 pp. 497–529.

Blau, P. 1994. Exchange and Power in social life, John Wiley and Sons: New York.

Bleeker, M.M.E. and Roodt, G. 2002. Die verbandtussenwerksbetrokkenheid en werksprestasie, the relationship between work involvement and work performance. SA Journal of Industrial Psychology, 28(1), pp. 22-32.

Brunetto, Y., Teo, S. T. T., Shacklock, K., and Farr- Wharton, R. 2012.Emotional intelligence, job satisfaction, well-being and engagement: explaining organisational commitment and turnover intentions in policing.Human Resource Management Journal, vol. 22 no.4 pp. 428-441.

Clugston, M. 2000. The mediating effects of multidimensional commitment on job satisfaction and intent to leave.Journal of Organizational Behavior,vol. 21 no.4 pp. 477-486.

De Charms, R. 1968. Personal Causation. New York: Academic Press.

Deci, W.L. and Ryan, R. M. 1985. Intrinsic Motivation and Self-determination in Human Behavior. New York: Plenum.

Demerouti E., Bakker A.B., De Jonge J., Janssen P.P.M., and Schaufeli W.B. 2001. Burnout and engagement at work as a function of demands and control. Scandinavian Journal of Work Environment and Health,vol.27 pp. 279 286.

Fay, D. and Luhrmann, H. 2004. Current themes in organizational change.European Journal of Work and Organizational Psychology,13(2), pp. 113-119.

Hakanen, J. J., Schaufeli, W. B., andAhola, K. 2008. The job demands-resources model: A three-year crosslagged study of burnout, depression, commitment, and work engagement. Work and Stress,vol. 22 no.3, pp. 224-241.

Hobfoll, S. E. 1989. Conservation of resources. A new attempt at conceptualizing stress. American Psychologist, vol. 44, pp. 513-524.

Hobfoll, S. E. 1998. Stress, culture, and community: The psychology and philosophy of stress. New York: Plenum.

Jen Yeh, H. 2015. Job Demands, Job Resources, and Job Satisfaction in East Asia,vol. 121 no.1, pp. 47- 60.

Lee, R. T., and Ashforth, B. E. 1996. A meta-analytic examination of the correlates of the three dimensions of burnout. Journal of Applied Psychology, vol. 81, pp. 123-133.

Lok, P., and Crawford, J. 2001. Antecedents of organizational commitment and the mediating role of job satisfaction. Journal of Managerial Psychology, vol. 16 no. 8, pp. 594-613.

Mathieu, J., and Hamel, D. 1989.A cause model of the antecedents of organizational commitment among professionals and non-professionals. Journal of Vocational Behavior, vol. 34, pp. 229-317.

Meyer, J.P., Stanley, D.J., Herscovitch, L., and Topolnytsky, L. 2002. Affective, continuance, and normative commitment to organization: A metaanalysis of antecedents, correlates, and consequences. Journal of Vocational Behavior, vol. 61, pp. 20-52.

Minth, L. L. 2015. A Blueprint for Growth ASEAN Economic Community: Progress and Key Achievements. [online] http://www.asean.org/storage/images/ 2015/November/aec page/AEC-2015- Progress-and-Key-Achievements.pdf [22 November 2016]

Moller, A., Deci, E. L., and Ryan, R. M. 2006. Choice and ego-depletion: The moderating role of autonomy.Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin, vol. 32, pp. 1024-1036.

Newell, S. 2002. Creating the healthy organization: Wellbeing, diversity andethics at work. London: Thomson Learning.

Ryan, R. M. and Frederick, C. 1997. On energy, personality, and health: subjective vitality as a dynamic reflection of well-being, Journal of Personality, vol. 65,pp. 529–565.

Ryan, R.M. andDeci, E.L. 2000. Self-determination theory and the facilitation of intrinsic motivation, social development, and well-being, American Psychologist, vol. 55, pp. 68–78.

Ryosho, N. 2010. Job and Personal Resources and Demands: The Effects on Job Satisfaction and Job Search Behavior of Certified Nursing Assistants (CNAs) Working in Nursing Homes. Virginia Commonwealth University: Virginia.

Schaufeli W.B. and Bakker A. B. 2004. Job demands, Job resources, and their relationship with burnout and engagement: a multi-sample study. Journal of Organizational Behavior,vol. 25, pp. 293–315.

Schaufeli, W. B., Bakker, A. B.,and Salanova, M. 2006. The Measurement of Work Engagement witha Short Questionnaire: A Cross-National Study. Educational and Psychological Measurement, vol. 66 no.4, pp. 701- 716

Schaufeli, W. B., Bakker, A. B., and Van Rhenen, W. 2009. How changes in job demands and resources predict burnout, work engagement, and sickness absenteeism. Journal of Organizational Behavior, no.30,pp. 893 917.

Williams, L. J., and Hazer, J. T. 1986. Antecedents and consequences of satisfaction and commitment in turnover models: A re-analysis using latent variable structure equation models. Journal of Applied Psychology, vol. 71 no.2,pp. 219-231.

White, R. W. 1959. Motivation reconsideration: the concept of competence,Psychological Press, vol. 66, pp. 297–333.

Wright, T. A. and Hobfoll, S. E. 2004. Commitment, psychological well-being and job performance: An examination of Conservation of Resources (COR) theory and job burnout. Journal of Business and Management, no. 9, pp. 389-406.

Yalabik, Z. Y., Popaitoon, P., Chowne, J. A., andRayton, B. A. 2013.Work engagement as a mediator between employee attitudes and outcomes, The International Journal of Human Resource Management, vol. 24, no.14,pp. 2799-2823.

Yousef, D. A. 2002. Job satisfaction as a mediator of the relationship between role stressors and organizational commitment. Journal of Managerial Psychology, vol. 17 no.4 pp. 250-266.

ProfilPertamina. 2012. Profilperusahaan, visi-misi, sejarah, dantatakelokaperusahaan. 2 November 2016. www.pertamina.com Daftar SPBU DKI Jakarta. 2016.

Daftar SPBU di DKI Jakarta. 1 Oktober 2016.www.lewatmana.com

Profil, visi-misi, dantatanilai. 2014. 2 November 2016.http://pertaminaretail.com/

Info SPBU Pertamina. 2015. 2 November 2016. http://spbu.pertamina.com/




DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.21776/ub.jam.2017.015.02.15

Refbacks

  • There are currently no refbacks.